In light of the international epidemiological situation regarding zoonotic influenza and updated data from the literature, the High Council for public health (HCSP) updates its recommendations on preventing the transmission of zoonotic influenza viruses to humans of December 10, 2021, and recommends:

• to apply a maximalist strategy for antiviral treatment and infection prevention measures for human cases, their contacts and co-exposed individuals, in view of the potential severity for individuals (up to 50% mortality for certain zoonotic influenza viruses) and for the community (potential for pandemic development);
• to use dual therapies for the treatment of probable and confirmed cases of clinically severe forms or those occurring in immunocompromised individuals;
• to use pre-emptive treatment (antiviral prophylaxis but in curative doses) for co-exposed and contact persons;
• to apply the generic measures adapted to other epidemic and biological risks in the event of a case;
• to adapt procedures in the event of changes in the epidemiological situation and in available knowledge about these viruses, and to maintain surveillance in the animal farms concerned.